Week of 1 Lent - A
This is a Three-Year Lectionary based on the Lutheran Book of Worship
3-year Lectionary (for public worship), "Prayers of the Day..."
(Propers), p. 13-41, Augsburg Publishing House, Minneapolis, 1978. It is
based, with only minor variations, on the Revised Common Lectionary,
used by many denominations, including the Episcopal, Lutheran,
Presbyterian, and Methodist churches:
http://www.commontexts.org/
and:
http://www.commontexts.org/rcl/ (usage)
The
daily readings are the Propers (Lections) for the following Sunday, so
that the daily devotions can prepare us for worship. Additional Lections
are from Common Service Book of the Lutheran Church, "Scripture lessons
for Matins and Vespers," United Lutheran Church of America, General
Rubrics VIII. Scripture lessons for Matins and Vespers, p. 299 - 304,
Philadelphia, 1918.
The previous 2- year Bible Study
based on the Lutheran Book of Worship, Daily Lectionary for personal
devotions p.179-192, Augsburg Publishing House, Minneapolis, 1978, is
available at:
http://shepherdboy.byethost12.com/ (Please bookmark this link).
This 'blog is mirrored at:
http://shepherdboysmydailywalk.wordpress.com/
.mp3 Podcasts via Linux Festival text-to-speech and Panopreter Basic text-to-speech are available at:
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http://shepherdboy.byethost12.com/dw_bible2/b_year/wklx_b.html
http://shepherdboy.byethost12.com/dw_bible2/c_year/wklx_c.html
Please Note:
To
get the most from these studies, it is suggested that you first read
the scripture texts for the entry, and then the paraphrase and
commentary. It is also recommended that you look up the scripture
references, unless you recognize and recall them from memory.
I
will post weekly by Saturday, noon, (God willing), Pacific time
(UTC-8:00) for the week of the Church Season which begins on Sunday.
Please scroll down for the desired day, or save the week to your
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Podcast Download: Week of 1 Lent A
Sunday - 1 Lent - A
First Posted February 10, 2008;
Podcast: Sunday 1 Lent A
Genesis 2:7-9, 15-17; 3:1-7 - Fall of Mankind;
Psalm 130 - A Penitential Psalm;
Romans 5:12 (13-16) 17-19 - Peace with God;
Matthew 4:1-11 - Jesus Tempted in the Wilderness;
Genesis Paraphrase:
God
formed man from the dust of the earth, and breathed into him the breath
of life, and man became a living being. God created a garden in Eden
with every tree that is beautiful and good for producing food. God also
placed in the middle of the garden the tree of life and the tree of
knowledge of good and evil.
The Lord placed the man in
the garden to cultivate and tend it. God told the man that he could use
any of the trees of the garden for food, except for the fruit of the
tree of knowledge of good and evil. God told the man that the man would
die on the day he ate the forbidden fruit.
Of all the
creatures the Lord had created, the serpent was the most cunning and
deceptive. He asked the woman, whom God had made as a mate and companion
for the man (Genesis 2:20b-25), whether God had forbidden them the
fruit of any tree in the garden. The woman told the serpent that God had
forbidden them to eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge or they would
die in that day.
The serpent told the woman that she
would not die, but that she would become “like God,” knowing good and
evil. So the woman realized that the fruit of the tree was pleasing to
look at, good for food, and to be desired to make her wise, she ate its
fruit, and gave some to her husband, who also ate. Then they realized
that they were naked, and so they sewed fig leaves together to form
aprons for themselves.
Psalm Background:
The
Psalms of “Ascents” were to be used by pilgrims ascending the temple
mount in Jerusalem at religious festivals. This is a penitential psalm.
Psalm Paraphrase:
When
we are in the depths of trouble and despair we cry to the Lord and
beseech him to hear our plea as we make our need known to him.
If
the Lord punished every sin (disobedience of God’s Word), no one could
be exonerated in God’s judgment. But God is forgiving, so that he may be
feared (that his power and authority may be appropriately respected).
Those
who trust in the Lord and look to him for forgiveness and deliverance
are like night watchmen. They believe that relief is coming as certainly
as the dawn.
People of God: hope in the Lord! For the
Lord has unwavering love, unlimited redemption, and he will faithfully
deliver his people from all their sins.
Romans Paraphrase:
Sin
came into the perfect paradise that God had created, through man’s
disobedience of God’s Word, and with sin came eternal death. Sin and
eternal death spread to all humans because all humans have sinned
(compare Romans 3:23; 1 John 1:8-10). Sin was in the world before God
gave his Law to Moses, but God did not hold the world accountable for
disobedience before he gave us his commandments through Moses.
Adam
and Christ are contrasting types. We have inherited sin and eternal
death from Adam, but we inherit God’s unmerited favor and eternal life
as a free gift to be received through faith (obedient trust) in Jesus
Christ. One sin by Adam brought condemnation and eternal death; but
Jesus gives forgiveness and reconciliation with God for all our sins, no
matter how many! If eternal spiritual death reigned in all our lives
through one man’s sin, much more will eternal life reign in us through
the righteousness and salvation freely given by faith in Jesus Christ!
Matthew Paraphrase:
After
Jesus’ baptism by John the Baptizer, the Holy Spirit (John 1:32-34) led
Jesus into the wilderness where Jesus fasted for forty days and nights
(a day for every year of the Israelites’ wandering in the wilderness),
and was tempted by Satan. Since Jesus was fasting and hungry, Satan
tempted Jesus to turn the stones in the wilderness into bread. Jesus
replied with God’s Word, from Deuteronomy 8:3: “Man shall not live by
bread alone but by every Word which proceeds from the mouth of God.”
Satan
took Jesus to the pinnacle of the temple in Jerusalem, and showed Jesus
all the kingdoms of the earth. Satan tempted Jesus to jump off the roof
of the temple to prove that Jesus was the Son of God, quoting Psalm
91:11-12, and suggesting that God’s angels would catch Jesus and save
him. Jesus responded with God’s Word, quoting Deuteronomy 6:16, that we
must not demand that the Lord God prove himself to us.
Satan
took Jesus to the top of a mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of
earth. He promised to give Jesus all earthly kingdoms and their glory if
Jesus would worship Satan. Jesus responded by telling Satan to leave,
quoting God’s Word in Deuteronomy 6:13 that we must worship only the
Lord our God. At this, Satan departed, and angels of God came to Jesus
and attended to Jesus’ needs.
Commentary:
God
has intended from the beginning to create an eternal kingdom of his
people, who willingly choose to trust and obey God. God knew before the
beginning of Creation that if we were given free choice we would choose
to disobey God and would have to learn to trust and obey him by trial
and error.
God has designed this Creation to be limited
by time: the existence of this creation, and our own lifetimes. God is
not going to allow us to disobey him forever, and he is not going to
allow disobedience in his eternal kingdom or it would not be Heaven.
Jesus is God’s one and only provision for our forgiveness of our
disobedience, and our salvation from eternal destruction, and Jesus has
been designed into the structure of Creation (see God’s Plan of
Salvation, sidebar, top right).
Adam and Eve knew that
God had forbidden them to eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge, and
they knew that God had told them they would die the day they disobeyed,
but they listened to the serpent instead. They did die, spiritually and
eternally, the day they disobeyed God, but they didn’t immediately die
physically or realize their spiritual eternal death.
Satan
is the antithesis of God. God wants to give us eternal life; Satan
wants us to die eternally with him in Hell. We are all eternal (John
5:28-29). This lifetime is our opportunity to choose where and how we
will spend eternity.
God has designed this temporal
Creation so that we are all guilty of sin and none deserve forgiveness
and salvation. God loves us and doesn’t want us to be eternally
destroyed (Romans 5:8; John 3:16-17), so he has given us forgiveness and
salvation as a free, undeserved gift, to all who are willing to accept
Jesus as their Lord and trust and obey Jesus (Ephesians 2:8-9).
When
we are in trouble and need help, the Lord is the only one who we can
truly rely on who has the power, faithfulness and desire to help and
save us. The Lord is the only one who will not ultimately disappoint and
fail us.
All God’s ways and nature are good. God wants
to forgive us so that we will trust and obey him out of love for his
kindness and mercy to us. God truly wants what is best for us.
Those
who have trusted in the Lord have experienced his love, faithfulness
and power. We join with the psalmist in testifying that there is true
help and deliverance in no one else.
God created a
perfect paradise on earth, except for the possibility of sin, which he
allowed in order for us to have truly free choice of whether to obey God
or not. In eminent fairness, he does not hold accountable those who
have not had the opportunity to hear and know God’s Word, the Gospel of
Jesus Christ.
Now that the Gospel of Jesus Christ has
been proclaimed to us, we have no excuse for not living in obedient
trust in that Gospel, and we will be held accountable to God for what we
have done with his Word in our lifetime. God’s Law condemns everyone
who has failed in any instance to keep the Law (James 2:10), but God’s
salvation provides forgiveness and salvation from all of our many sins.
Jesus
was fully God in human flesh (Colossians 2:8-9). He was subject to the
same temptations we face, but he didn’t yield to temptation. When Adam
and Eve were tempted they were tempted in three areas of vulnerability:
lust of the eyes, lust of the flesh, and human pride. Eve saw that the
forbidden fruit was beautiful, it was good for food, and desirable to
make one “like God.”
Because Jesus was fully human,
with all the desires of humans, Satan tempted Jesus with the lust of the
eyes: he showed Jesus all the kingdoms and glory of earth. Satan
tempted him with lust of the flesh: Jesus was hungry after fasting for
forty days. Satan tempted Jesus with human pride: the desire to be God;
to prove to the world that he was God by jumping from the temple roof
and being rescued by angels.
Each of us face temptation
in each of these areas, and Jesus has shown us how we can resist
succumbing to temptation. In each case Jesus quoted scripture; he fought
temptation with God’s Word. We also can triumph over temptation by
recalling God’s Word, provided that we know it. We must have read God’s
Word so that the Holy Spirit can recall it to our memory as needed (John
14:26; Luke 24:45).
Notice that Satan also knows and
can quote scripture, even to the Son of God, in order to deceive us.
Satan tried to convince Jesus to try to provide for Jesus’ own needs,
but Jesus trusted in God his Father to supply those needs, and when
Jesus had withstood temptation God gave Jesus what he needed through the
ministry of God’s angels. Jesus could have received his physical needs
from Satan, at the cost of his immortal soul, but God the Father
provided for them, and gave him glory and eternal life as well.
Is
Jesus your Lord (Matthew 7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple
(John 8:31)? Are you trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you
received the indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts
19:2)? Are you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to
obey all that Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with
certainty where you will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians
1:13-14)?
Monday 1 Lent A
First Posted February 11, 2008;
Podcast: Monday 1 Lent A
Psalm 105:4-11 - Seek the Lord;
Paraphrase:
Let
us continually seek the Lord, his presence, and his strength. Let us
remember all his wonderful works and his wise counsel. We are the
spiritual offspring of Abraham, the sons and daughters of Jacob
(Israel), his elect.
The Lord is our God. His judgment
(authority) is over the entire earth. He is faithful to his covenant
with his people forever. His Word will endure for thousands of
generations. His covenant made with Abraham, passed on to Isaac and
Jacob, is an everlasting covenant to Israel (God’s People) to give us
the land of Canaan as an eternal inheritance.
Commentary:
I
believe that the meaning and purpose of life in this world is to seek
and come to know and have fellowship with the Lord (Acts 17:26-27). That
personal fellowship with the Lord which Adam had until it was broken by
sin is restored through faith (obedient trust) in Jesus Christ. Jesus
is the only way to forgiveness of sin, restoration of fellowship with
God and eternal life in God’s eternal kingdom in heaven (Acts 4:12; John
14:6, see God’s Plan of Salvation, sidebar, top right).
Through
the gift of the indwelling Holy Spirit, which only Jesus gives (John
1:31-34), only to his disciples who trust and obey Jesus (John
14:15-17), we have personal fellowship with the Lord. We have his
strength empowering us and working through us, and we have his wise
counsel to guide us. Through the gift of the indwelling Holy Spirit we
are spiritually “re-born” (John 3:3, 5-8) to eternal life; we become the
spiritual offspring of Abraham and obtain God’s promise of eternal
inheritance in the Promised Land in God’s kingdom (Galatians 3:5-9). The
Holy Spirit is the seal and guarantee that one is in Christ and has
eternal life (2 Corinthians 1:22; Ephesians 1:13-14; Romans 8:9b, 11,
15-16).
God has given us his Word, in the Bible, and in
the “living Word” in Jesus Christ, the fulfillment, embodiment and
example of God’s Word in human flesh (John 1:1-3, 14). The Bible and
Jesus’ example testify to the faithfulness of God’s Word. What God
promises is fulfilled. We need to know and apply God’s Word in our daily
lives, so we will receive God’s promises (Matthew 7:21-27). We need to
remember God’s faithfulness to his people throughout the Bible history
of Israel. As we apply God’s Word in our daily lives we will come to
experience and know personally God’s faithfulness in our lives.
There
is a Day of Judgment coming when everyone who has ever lived on earth
will be accountable to God, and the standard of judgment will be God’s
Word, fulfilled, embodied and exemplified in Jesus Christ. Those who
have trusted and obeyed Jesus will receive the inheritance of eternal
life in God’s heavenly kingdom. Those who have rejected Jesus, who have
refused or failed to trust and obey Jesus, will receive eternal
condemnation and destruction in Hell with all evil (Matthew 25:31-46; 2
Thessalonians 1:5-10)
Is Jesus your Lord (Matthew
7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple (John 8:31)? Are you
trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you received the
indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts 19:2)? Are
you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to obey all that
Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with certainty where you
will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians 1:13-14)?
Tuesday 1 Lent A
First Posted February 12, 2008;
Podcast: Tuesday 1 Lent A
Genesis 12:1-8 - Abraham’s Call;
Paraphrase:
God
called Abraham (then known as Abram) to leave his extended family in
Haran (25 miles southeast of Urfa, Turkey*) and go to a new land that
the Lord would show Abraham). The Lord promised to make Abraham’s
descendants a great nation. God promised to bless Abraham and make his
name famous, so that Abraham would be a blessing. God promised to bless
those who bless Abraham and curse those who curse Abraham. All the
families of the earth would be blessed through Abraham.
Abraham
did as the Lord had said. Abraham was seventy-five at the time. He left
Haran with his wife Sarah (then known as Sarai) and his nephew Lot,
with all their possessions, and with Abraham’s household servants. They
went to Canaan and traveled through the land until they came to Shechem
(in the middle of Israel, between Mount Ebal, and Mount Gerizim), to the
oak of Moreh, a sacred tree there.
At the time, the
Canaanites occupied the land. The Lord appeared to Abraham and promised
to give the land to Abraham’s descendants, so Abraham built an altar
there where the Lord had appeared to Abraham. Then Abraham moved south
and camped between Bethel and Ai. There Abraham built an altar and
worshiped the Lord.
Abraham was already old when God
called him to leave his extended family and go to a strange place. But
Abraham believed God’s promise and did what God told him to do.
Commentary:
God
has always intended, from the beginning of Creation to establish an
eternal kingdom of his people who willingly trust and obey God. In order
for us to have the freedom to choose whether or not to trust and obey
God, he created this world with the possibility of sin (disobedience of
God’s Word). But he put a time-limit on this Creation, and our
lifetimes, and he designed Creation with a plan for our forgiveness and
salvation from eternal condemnation built in. That provision of a Savior
is Jesus Christ (John 1:1-5, 14; Matthew 1:21).
When
Abraham trusted and obeyed God’s call to go to a new land and establish a
new nation and people, God’s plan began to be fulfilled through that
one man’s obedience. Abraham didn’t know the land that God was going to
show him (Hebrews 11:8).
In order to be the head of a
great nation, Abraham and Sarah needed a son, through whom God’s promise
would be fulfilled. But Abraham and Sarah were beyond the age of
conception. Nevertheless, after a long wait and unlikely circumstances
Isaac, the son of the promise, was born (Genesis 21:1-2).
God
was revealing his eternal purpose. Isaac became the forerunner of God’s
own Son, Jesus Christ, God’s “anointed” Savior and eternal king (Christ
and Messiah each mean “anointed” in Greek and Hebrew respectively).
God
asked Abraham to sacrifice Isaac, the son of the promise, and Abraham
went to do what God had commanded (see Hebrews. 11:17-19). Isaac was
spared at the last moment, and a substitute which God provided was
offered as a sacrifice instead (Genesis 22:1-14).
The
intended sacrifice of Isaac was an illustration, a preview, of what God
intended to do for us from the very beginning of Creation. Jesus is the
Son, the fulfillment of God’s promise of a Savior to be offered as a
sacrifice for our sins, and he is the substitution provided by God so
that we would not die eternally for them ourselves. Jesus is the Son
through whom the whole world is blessed, through whom we become the
great eternal nation of God’s people, and inherit the Promised Land of
God’s heavenly kingdom.
Is Jesus your Lord (Matthew
7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple (John 8:31)? Are you
trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you received the
indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts 19:2)? Are
you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to obey all that
Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with certainty where you
will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians 1:13-14)?
*Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, David Noel Freedman, ”Haran,” p.551, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids Michigan, 2000, ISBN 0-8020-2400-5
Wednesday - 1 Lent - A
First Posted February 13, 2008;
Podcast: Wednesday 1 Lent A
Romans 4:1-5, 13-17 - Justified by Faith;
Paraphrase:
Abraham is the forefather of the Jews through the flesh. If Abraham were judged righteous in God’s judgment he would have reason to boast (before men) but not before God. According to Genesis 15:6, Abraham’s righteousness was reckoned to him because he believed God. If righteousness were earned by works (keeping) of the law, righteousness would not be a gift, but payment for work done. One who doesn’t rely on works of the law but trusts in the Lord who justifies the ungodly is reckoned righteous by faith (obedient trust).
“The promise to Abraham and his descendants, that they should inherit the world, did not come through the law but through the righteousness of faith” (Romans 4:13). If only those who keep the law inherit the promise, then faith would be useless and the promise void. The law brings punishment, but transgression is not counted where there is no law.
“That is why it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace (a free gift; unmerited favor) and be guaranteed to all his descendants – not only to the adherents of the law but also to those who share the faith of Abraham, for he is the father of us all” (Romans 4:16). God, in whom Abraham believed, who gives life to the dead and creates things from nothing by his Word, has declared in scripture that he would make Abraham the father of many nations (Genesis 17:5).
Commentary:
Abraham is the forefather of Jews by the flesh, but the spiritual forefather of all believers through faith. Abraham did not become our forefather by keeping God’s law, but by faith (obedient trust) in God’s Word. Abraham’s righteousness (doing right in God’s judgment) was attributed to him by his faith in God, so he cannot boast in himself before God; his righteousness is a gift, not his own accomplishment (Ephesians 2:8-9). One would be entitled to a judgment of righteousness if righteousness was “earned” by keeping the law, but God justifies (judges as righteous) sinners who trust and obey his Word (see Galatians 2:16).
The law brings condemnation. Violating any part of the law brings judgment (James 2:10), and the penalty for sin (disobedience of God’s Word) is eternal death (Romans 6:23). We have all sinned and come short of God’s righteousness (Romans 3:23; 1 John 1:8-10). But where there is no law, transgressions are not counted. If we want to be saved from God’s eternal condemnation and inherit God’s promise through Abraham we must receive it through faith in God’s Word, fulfilled, embodied, and exemplified in Jesus Christ (John 1:1-5, 14; see God’s Plan of Salvation, sidebar, top right).
Saving faith is obedient trust in Jesus Christ. Jesus is God’s only provision for our forgiveness, salvation from eternal destruction, and restoration to eternal life in God’s heavenly kingdom (Acts 4:12; John 14:6). We are freed from the condemnation of the law, provided that we are obedient to the Holy Spirit (Romans 8:1-9) which only Jesus gives (John 1:31-34) only to his disciples who trust and obey Jesus (John 14:15-17). The Holy Spirit is the seal and guarantee that one is in Christ and has eternal life (2 Corinthians 1:22; Ephesians 1:13-14; Romans 8:9b, 11, 15-16).
There is a Day of Judgment coming when Jesus will return to judge everyone who has ever lived on earth. Those who have trusted and obeyed Jesus, who have been spiritually “reborn” (John 3:3, 5-8) will receive eternal life in God’s kingdom in heaven, but those who have rejected and refused or failed to trust and obey Jesus will receive eternal condemnation in Hell with all evil (Matthew 25:31-46; 2 Thessalonians 1:5-10).
Is Jesus your Lord (Matthew 7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple (John 8:31)? Are you trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you received the indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts 19:2)? Are you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to obey all that Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with certainty where you will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians 1:13-14)?
Thursday - 1 Lent - A
First Posted February 14, 2008;
Podcast: Thursday 1 Lent A
John 4:5-26 (27-30, 39-42) - Living Water;
Paraphrase:
Jesus and his disciples were returning from Judea to Galilee through Samaria, and at noon, they came to Jacob’s Well at Sychar (or “Shechem;” Genesis 33:18-19). Jesus was tired from his journey and sat down at the well, while the disciples went into the city to buy food.
A Samaritan woman came to get water and Jesus asked her for a drink. The woman was surprised that a Jew would speak to a Samaritan woman (Samaritans were of mixed Jewish race and religion). Jesus told her that if she knew who she was speaking with, she would ask and he would give her “living water.”
The woman noted that Jesus hadn’t anything with which to draw water, and the well was deep. She asked where Jesus got “living water.” She asked Jesus if he were greater than Jacob, who had dug and used the well, who the Samaritans considered their patriarch, as did the Jews.
Jesus said that water from Jacob’s well satisfies (physical) thirst only temporarily, but the “living water” that Jesus gives satisfies (spiritual) thirst for eternity. The living water Jesus gives is a spring (not a deep, hard-to-reach well) which bubbles up to eternal life. The woman asked Jesus to give her living water so she would not thirst or draw from the well.
Jesus told her to fetch her husband, and the woman said she had no husband. Jesus revealed that he knew that she had been married five times and was now living with a man whom she had not married. The woman realized and acknowledged that Jesus must be a prophet, and asked him to settle a religious controversy between Jews and Samaritans.
She said that her ancestors had worshiped on Mount Gerizim nearby, But Jews said that Jerusalem was the only proper place of worship. Jesus said the time was coming when people would not worship in Jerusalem or on Mount Gerizim. Samaritans were worshiping what they didn’t know, but salvation was through the Jews, who knew God.
Jesus told her that the time was coming when those who worship God must worship in spirit and truth, which is what God desires. “God is spirit and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth” (John 4:24). The woman expressed her faith that the Messiah (Christ; both words mean “anointed” in Hebrew and Greek; i.e. God’s “anointed” Savior and eternal King) was coming, and that when he came he would reveal all things. Jesus responded that she was speaking to the Messiah.
Commentary:
Jesus could have avoided going through Samaria, but chose to do so (John 4:4). He foreknew all about the woman, had come specifically to talk to her, and had arrived at the perfect time.
When Assyria conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel (of the ten tribes), they deported the Jews to other conquered lands of their empire and repopulated the land with aliens. Samaritans were a result of the remnant of the ten tribes who had avoided deportation and had intermarried with the aliens. They were racially and religiously mixed.
Jesus opened the conversation by asking for a drink of water. At first the woman regarded him as a Jew, who didn’t have any dealings with Samaritans. When Jesus responded with an invitation instead of a rebuke, she addressed him as “Sir.”
Jesus offered her “living water” contrasted with physical well water. Physical water was deep in the well, and required equipment and effort to draw and carry, and continually needed to be re-drawn. Physical water cannot eternally satisfy, and does not give eternal life.
Jacob had dug the physical well and left it for his descendants, but only Jesus can provide the “living water.” Living water satisfies spiritual thirst eternally, and gives eternal life. We don’t have to fetch it; it is within “born-again” (John 3:3, 5-8) Christian disciples, and it is a spring flowing up within us and out into the world around us. The woman asked Jesus to give her that living water, and he told her to go and fetch her husband.
The woman confessed that she had no husband, and Jesus revealed that he knew all about her and her marital status. The woman realized and acknowledged that Jesus must be a prophet, to have known about her, so she asked Jesus to settle a dispute between Jews and Samaritans over where to worship.
Jesus told her that it is not where to worship which is important, but how. Jews had the scriptures and the covenant relationship with God, through whom God sent the Messiah. The Samaritans claimed the same ancestors and same religion, but that claim was imperfect; it was tradition; it was ritual and not relationship. Jesus told her that from then on, true worshipers of God must worship in spirit and truth.
God is Spirit and divine truth. In order to truly worship God we must worship in the same Spirit and truth. Jesus is the Son of God, who shares God’s Spirit (Colossians 2:8-9; John 1:32; 20:28) and his words are God’s Word (John 14:10, 24). Jesus is the Word of God, fulfilled, embodied and demonstrated in human flesh (John 1:1-3, 14).
The woman heard Jesus’ words and had a growing understanding of who he was (John 4:9, 11, 19). She believed in Jesus’ claim to give “living water” and asked for it for herself (John 4:15). She confessed her sinful condition (John 4:17). She declared her belief in the Biblical promise of the coming Messiah (John 4:25), and Jesus revealed himself to her (John 4:26; compare John 14:21). She obeyed Jesus’ command (John 4:16) to bring her “husband” (John 4:28).
The gift of the indwelling Holy Spirit is the “living water” to which Jesus referred (John 7:38-39). Only Jesus gives the gift of the indwelling Holy Spirit (John 1:31-34), only to his disciples who trust and obey Jesus (John 14:15-17). The Holy Spirit is the seal and guarantee that one is in Christ and has eternal life (2 Corinthians 1:22; Ephesians 1:13-14; Romans 8:9b, 11, 15-16). The Holy Spirit is the Spirit of God, the Spirit of Christ (Romans 8:9).
Jesus is the fulfillment of scripture. He is the fulfillment of the symbol of water from the rock in the wilderness (Numbers 20:2-11; 1 Corinthians 10:1-4). Jesus is the fulfillment of the signs of the Messianic age (Isaiah 12:3; 44:3; 55:1).
Jesus promised his disciples that they would receive the indwelling Holy Spirit (John 14:15-17, 21, 23), that they were to wait for that outpouring (Luke 24:49, Acts 1:4-5, 8; Acts 2:1-13), and then fulfill the “Great Commission” (Matthew 28:19-20). The outpouring of the Holy Spirit on Jesus’ disciples on the Day of Pentecost is the birthday of the Church.
The true Church is composed of the “born-again” disciples who are Apostles (messengers; of the Gospel) of Jesus Christ. The Apostle Paul is the prototype and example of a “modern,” “post-resurrection”, “born-again” disciple and apostle of Jesus Christ (Acts 9:1-21).The indwelling Holy Spirit is the fulfillment of Joel 2:28-29 (compare Acts 2:14-18).
True worship is only possible by “born-again” disciples who trust and obey Jesus, and have been filled with his indwelling Holy Spirit. They have experienced and know the divine truth of the Gospel personally, through a personal relationship with Jesus Christ by his indwelling Holy Spirit. Jesus is the only way, the divine, eternal truth, and only giver of true eternal life (John 14:6; Acts 4:12). When we worship God, the indwelling Holy Spirit prompts ecstatic praise (Galatians 4:6) and enables us to call God our father in worship and truth, bearing witness that we are God’s children, (Romans 8:14-16).
People who claim to be Christian, without being obedient disciples of Jesus Christ, cannot not worship in spirit or truth. Their “worship” is merely tradition and ritual.
Is Jesus your Lord (Matthew 7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple (John 8:31)? Are you trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you received the indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts 19:2)? Are you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to obey all that Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with certainty where you will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians 1:13-14)?
Friday 1 Lent A
First Posted February 15, 2008;
Podcast: Friday 1 Lent A
Isaiah 45:20-25 - Pray to the True God;
Paraphrase:
The Lord calls the survivors of nations (of Cyrus’ conquest). The Gentiles who worship and serve idols which don’t have even power to transport themselves, but must be carried by their believers, lack knowledge. They keep praying to idols which cannot save. God has declared from ancient times that he alone is God; he alone is righteous, and there is no other Savior besides the Lord.
The Lord calls all people, even from the farthest places on earth, to turn to the Lord and be saved. The Lord is the only God. The Lord has promised in righteousness; his Word has gone forth and will not return. The Lord declares that every knee will bow and every tongue confess to him.
Righteousness and strength are only in the Lord; those who have been rebellious against the Lord will come before him and be ashamed. “In the Lord all the offspring of Israel (Jacob; the descendants of Abraham; Romans 4:16-17a RSV; see entries for Tuesday and Wednesday of this week) shall triumph and glory” (Isaiah 45:25).
Commentary:
The Lord had commissioned Cyrus of Persia (Isaiah 45:1) to overthrow the Babylonian empire, which made it possible for the remnant of Judah to return to the Promised Land from Babylonian exile (Ezra 1:1-3) after seventy years in fulfillment of Jeremiah's prophecy (Jeremiah 25:12).
The Lord God is the only true God, our Creator; all other “gods” are idols, the creation of human hands and imaginations (modern examples of “gods” are money, possessions, fame, success, power, family, or career; anything one values as much or more than God). They can do nothing for their believers; they cannot even transport themselves but instead become a burden to their worshipers. Only by lack of knowledge would one believe in, serve and pray to an idol.
God has made himself known from ancient times. He is the only Savior. He has created this world with his eternal salvation designed into Creation (John 1:1-5, 14). Jesus Christ is God’s one and only provision for our salvation (Acts 4:12; John 14:6). God alone is righteous (doing what is right and good and true according to God's Word) in all his ways. God has given us his Word in the Bible, and in Jesus Christ, who is the “living” Word; God’s Word fulfilled, embodied and demonstrated in this world in human flesh John 1:14).
God’s Word declares that every knee of everyone who has ever lived in this world will bow and every tongue will confess to God (Romans 14:11) “that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father” (Philippians 2:10-11).
God alone is righteous and all-powerful, and we can have the benefit if we call upon him in faith (obedient trust) in Jesus Christ (John 14:13-14; see Conditions for Answered Prayer). If we want God to hear and answer our prayers, we must be willing to hear and obey his Word, fulfilled, embodied and exemplified in Jesus Christ.
Jesus Christ is God’s only (begotten) Son (John 1:18; 3:16, 18), his promised Savior (Matthew 1:21) and eternal King, the Messiah (Christ; both mean “anointed” in Hebrew and Greek respectively), Emmanuel (God with us; Matthew 1:23). Faith in Jesus is the only way to know divine truth, the only way to forgiveness and salvation from eternal destruction, to have fellowship with God, and to receive eternal life (John 14:6).
There is a Day of Judgment coming, for everyone who has ever lived on this earth, when every knee will bow to the Lord and everyone will confess that Jesus is Lord and glorify God. Those who have accepted Jesus as their Lord now, who have trusted and obeyed Jesus, have received the gift of the indwelling Holy Spirit which only Jesus gives (John 1:31-34) only to his disciples who trust and obey Jesus (John 14:15-17), will receive eternal life in God’s heavenly kingdom. But those who have rejected Jesus as Lord now, who have refused or failed to trust and obey Jesus, will receive eternal condemnation to eternal destruction in Hell with all evil (Matthew 25:31-46; 2 Thessalonians 1:5-10).
In that Day the Saints (those who are sanctified by the indwelling Holy Spirit, through faith in Jesus), the spiritual descendants of Abraham (Romans 4:16), will experience triumph and glory, but the unregenerate (not spiritually “reborn;” John 3:3, 5-8) will be eternally ashamed and sorry.
God’s Plan of Salvation (which see, sidebar, top right) is available to all who will receive it through faith (obedient trust) in Jesus Christ. All have an opportunity to know the Gospel truth. All we have to do to receive God’s forgiveness and eternal salvation is to pray to God in Jesus’ name, confessing our sins (disobedience of God’s Word) in repentance, and asking Jesus to be our Lord and Savior.
Is Jesus your Lord (Matthew 7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple (John 8:31)? Are you trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you received the indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts 19:2)? Are you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to obey all that Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with certainty where you will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians 1:13-14)?
Saturday 1 Lent - A
First Posted February 16, 2008;
Podcast: Saturday 1 Lent A
James 5:13-20 - Effective Prayer;
Mark 9:17-29 - Faith and Prayer;
James Paraphrase:
When suffering, Christians should pray. When joyful, they should sing praise. When sick they should ask the elders of the church to pray with them and anoint them with oil in the name of the Lord. The prayer made in faith on behalf of the sick will raise them up, and if one has sinned, bring forgiveness. So members of the congregation should confess their sins to one another and pray for one another for their healing.
“The prayer of a righteous [person] has great power in its effects” (James 5:16). For example, remember that Elijah was righteous (did what was right and good, according to God’s Word) and had a personal relationship with the Lord. He prayed for drought, and the Lord withheld rain for three and a half years. Then Elijah prayed for rain and the Lord gave rain, and the earth became fruitful again.
If anyone in the congregation strays from the truth (God’s Word), and a fellow member brings him back, whoever restores that member from error will save his own soul and will be forgiven a multitude of sins.
Mark Paraphrase:
Jesus, Peter, James, and John were returning from Jesus’ transfiguration on the mountain (Mark 9:2-9). The other disciples who remained behind were surrounded by a crowd, arguing with some scribes (teachers of the law; i.e. scripture). Jesus asked what they were discussing and a man in the crowd told Jesus that he had brought his son to Jesus for healing, because the son had a mute evil spirit. The boy would often have convulsions. The father had asked Jesus’ disciples to heal the boy but they were unable.
Jesus expressed exasperation at the faithlessness of people, and told the father to bring the boy to him. As soon as the boy came near, he went into convulsions. Jesus asked the father how long the boy had had this condition and the father replied that the boy had been that way since childhood, and that the convulsions endangered his life when they occurred near water or an open fire. The man said that “if Jesus could” do anything, to have pity and help them.
Jesus replied that it was not a question of whether Jesus could, but rather if the man could. Anything is possible to one who believes. The man declared that he did believe, and asked Jesus to help him overcome unbelief.
As a large crowd was gathering, Jesus commanded the evil spirit to come out of the boy and never return. At once, the spirit cried out, and with a great convulsion, left the boy. The boy appeared to be dead, but Jesus took him by the hand and lifted him and the boy got up.
When Jesus and his disciples were alone they asked him why they had been unable to heal the boy. Jesus told them that this type of healing could only be accomplished by (believing) prayer.
James is giving practical advice for believers. When we’re happy we should remember to thank and praise the Lord. When we are suffering we need to pray to the Lord and he will comfort and sustain us. When we are sick we should remember to seek spiritual healing from the Lord through the Church. Olive oil was used as a medicinal remedy, and also as a symbol of God’s blessing. When done in the name of Jesus with believing prayer, the power of the Lord is invoked for healing and forgiveness of sin. The power isn’t in the oil, or the ritual, or the officiant (elder), but in the Lord who responds to obedient trust in his Word.
The Church is to be a body of “born-again” (John 3:3, 5-8) disciples who trust and obey God’s Word, fulfilled, embodied and demonstrated in Jesus Christ. The members are to be concerned with the spiritual health of their fellow members. If a member is straying from the Gospel truth, the scriptural (recorded in the Bible) apostolic (received directly from Jesus and taught by the apostles, including Paul) Gospel, the members of the congregation have a responsibility to restore the member to true faith.
Elijah is an example of effective believing prayer. He was righteous in God’s judgment, and had a personal relationship with the Lord. In his time, only a very few individuals had that relationship, Jesus came to give us his righteousness and his Holy Spirit, so that we can have that kind of personal relationship with the Lord.
Elijah prayed for drought at the Lord’s guidance and according to God’s will (1 Kings 17:1-9; 18:1). There are conditions for answered prayer (which see sidebar, top right). The Lord does not listen and respond to the prayers of people who do not listen and respond with obedient trust to God’s Word, fulfilled, embodied and exemplified in Jesus Christ.
While Jesus and the three disciples closest to Jesus were away on the mountain of transfiguration, the other disciples were unable to heal the boy of the convulsive disorder. For one thing they had not been specifically commissioned to do that on their own yet (see Mark 6:7-13). They were still in training and had not yet received the indwelling Holy Spirit (Luke 24:49; Acts 1:4-5, 8; Acts 2:1-13).
They had probably been told to wait for Jesus’ return. The man with the sick boy had intended to bring him to Jesus, but the disciples were attempting to heal him in their own human strength and authority, rather than asking the Lord in prayer. A rivalry over (human) authority had developed into an argument between the disciples and some scribes (Mark 9:14).
The father of the boy also could have waited for Jesus, but was willing to turn elsewhere for more immediate results. The father barely had enough faith in Jesus to have his son healed. When he expressed (a tiny “mustard-seed;” Matthew 13:31) faith and asked Jesus to increase it, Jesus did. The man, who hadn’t been sure Jesus could do what the man asked, experienced Jesus’ power and faithfulness personally.
After Jesus’ death and resurrection, he gave his disciples authority to carry on his ministry of forgiveness, healing, and salvation (Matthew 28:18-20). Their specific duty was to make (“born-again”) disciples of Jesus Christ (Matthew 28:19a RSV) and teach them to obey all that Jesus taught (Matthew 28:20), but only after they had been “born-again” by the gift of the indwelling Holy Spirit (Luke 24:49; Acts 1:4-5, 8).
While the disciples were awaiting the promised Holy Spirit, they again decided to act on their own and appoint a replacement for the 12th disciple, Judas Iscariot, who had betrayed Jesus. They selected Matthias by “lot” (by “chance;” like drawing straws; since they had not yet received the Holy Spirit). Matthias is never mentioned again in the New Testament (Acts 1:15-26). The promised Holy Spirit began to be given to the disciples on the Day of Pentecost (Acts 2:1-13), and from then on they were guided and empowered by the Holy Spirit.
Instead of Matthias, the Lord chose Paul to be Judas’ replacement. Paul became the prototype and illustration of a “modern,” “post-resurrection,” “born-again” (John 3:3, 5-8) disciple and apostle of Jesus Christ (Acts 9:1-23). Paul was discipled unto spiritual “re-birth” by a “born-again” disciple, Ananias (Acts 9:10-18). Most of the rest of the New Testament is by or about Paul.
How are we doing, Church? Are we willing to be disciples of Jesus Christ (Acts 11:26)? Are we becoming “born-again” through obedient trust in Jesus’ teachings? Are we making “born-again” disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them obedient trust in Jesus’ teachings, or are we merely church “members” making “members?” Are we building and strengthening God’s eternal kingdom or are we merely building buildings? Do we expect the Lord to answer our prayers without our obedient trust in his Word? Are we willing to wait for Jesus or do we turn to anyone who might be available?
Only Jesus baptizes with the Holy Spirit (John 1:31-34), only his disciples who trust and obey Jesus (John 14:15-17). The Holy Spirit is the seal and guarantee that one is in Christ and has eternal life (2 Corinthians 1:22; Ephesians 1:13-14; Romans 8:9b, 11, 15-16). It is possible to know with certainty for oneself, whether one has received the indwelling Holy Spirit (Acts 19:2).
Is Jesus your Lord (Matthew 7:21-23; Luke 6:46)? Are you Jesus' disciple (John 8:31)? Are you trusting and obeying Jesus (John 14:21)? Have you received the indwelling Holy Spirit since you first truly believed (Acts 19:2)? Are you making disciples of Jesus Christ and teaching them to obey all that Jesus commands (Matthew 28:18-20)? Do you know with certainty where you will spend eternity (1 John 5:11-13; Ephesians 1:13-14)?
